According to online reports, indicators released by the Philadelphia Federal Reserve showed that political tensions between U.S. parties soared to a six-year high last month as President Trump's tax bill and immigration policies sparked conflicts. The partisan conflict index, based on news articles reporting political differences, climbed to its highest level since January 2019. In recent years, this indicator has only been significantly higher than current levels around the beginning of Trump's first term as president, and during the government shutdown at the end of 2013. The index's recent surge coincides with the final stages of Trump's tax and spending bill, which cuts social programs such as Medicaid while bringing income growth to wealthy Americans. In June, protests also took place in Los Angeles and other cities against Trump's plan to deport illegal immigrants.